Information exchange has always been a tricky area within which to undertake a competitive assessment. It is very fact-specific and whether or not exchanges fall foul of the competition rules may depend on a range of different factors, including: whether the parties are actual or potential competitors; the purpose of the exchanges; the context in which the exchanges take place; the type of data being exchanged; the age of the data; whether it is useful for current and future...

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The U.S. Supreme Court has decided to take up a constitutional challenge to a tax in light of the U.S. Constitution’s 16th Amendment concerns. Late last month, the High Court granted certiorari with respect to the 9th Circuit’s decision in Moore vs. United States, which involves a one-time tax imposed by the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The TCJA restructured the U.S. international tax regime and added the transition tax to prevent accumulated earnings from going untaxed permanently. The High Court...

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On 11 July, the EU Commission proposed measures to make freight transport more sustainable and efficient, aiming to improve rail infrastructure management and offer stronger incentives for low-emission lorries. Further, the proposal seeks to empower the sector in increasing efficiency which would help reduce transport emissions by 90% by 2050, which has been highlighted in the European Green Deal.  Freight transport is essential in supporting the EU’s single market, allowing for supermarkets, pharmacies, and factories to be stocked whilst equally enabling European companies to sell...

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On 10 July 2023, the EU Commission adopted its adequacy decision for the EU-US Data Privacy Framework (“Framework”). After years of negotiations between the EU and the US, the EU Commission concluded that the US offers an adequate level of protection for personal data transferred from a controller or processor in the European Economic Area (“EEA”) to US companies that abide by the obligations under the Framework. The adequacy decision was adopted in light of Executive Order on Enhancing Safeguards...

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The European Union (EU) announced on July 10 that it had formally adopted the adequacy decision for the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework, which goes into effect on July 11. U.S. organizations have been without a self-certification mechanism to allow for the legal transfer of personal data from the EU to the U.S. since the Schrems II decision by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) striking down the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Program in July 2020. The new EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework puts...

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