By Conny Olovsson and Alexander Popov The economist Robert Lucas famously wrote that “Once one starts to think about economic growth, it is hard to think about anything else.” The Nobel committee seems to agree. For the second year in a row, it has chosen to honour work on economic growth. This ECB Blog post looks at the research of this year’s laureates. Last Monday, the Royal Swedish Academy awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences to three laureates. The...

Read more

Speech by IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva at the 2025 Annual Meetings Plenary Deputy Prime Minister Olavo Correia, thank you, and may my future travels take me to the beautiful shores of Cabo Verde and the soulful melodies of Cesária Évora—or perhaps even to a football victory chant! Congratulations to your national team for qualifying for the World Cup for the first time in your country’s history! Dear Ajay, I cannot think of a better partner to have at the Bank than you! Thank you for...

Read more

By Pauline Avril, Maciej Grodzicki, Lukas Jürgensmeier and Alessandro Ricci Banks have bought back over €60 billion of their own shares since 2020, which is a sign of the industry’s confidence. However, share buybacks can also reduce the capital banks have available for potential crises. This blog post examines how euro area banks’ share prices reacted to these buybacks. Share buybacks indicate that a bank’s management is confident in its financial soundness and future prospects. Also, buybacks are subject to approval...

Read more

Executive Summary: Economic growth in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) has slowed but the region has remained resilient amid continued global and regional challenges. Regional gross domestic product is likely to grow by 2.4 percent in real terms this year, down from 3.7 percent in 2024, because of a weaker pace of expansion in the Russian Federation. Excluding Russia, which accounts for about 40 percent of the region’s output, growth is likely to remain little changed at about 3.3 percent...

Read more

Today the College of Commissioners approved our Pact for the Mediterranean. For millennia, the Mediterranean has been a bridge between continents. For people, goods and ideas. These exchanges have shaped who we are and how we live. The truth is that Europe and the Mediterranean cannot exist without each other. And today, the future of our two shores is more connected than ever before. In an increasingly competitive and contested global economy, our economic ties with our Southern neighbours...

Read more

Without timely and consistent implementation, we undermine the resilience of the financial system, leaving it vulnerable to future shocks This letter was submitted to G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (FMCBG) ahead of the G20’s meeting on 15-16 October 2025. Andrew Bailey underscores the importance of cooperation and multilateral institutions to address the pressures from the challenging global environment. Amid elevated risks and uncertainty, Mr Bailey highlights the need for implementing global standards and remaining vigilant to emerging threats. To facilitate...

Read more

By: Tobias Adrian Policymakers should strengthen oversight of nonbank financial intermediaries, whose increasing interconnectedness with banks could exacerbate adverse shocks Stretched asset valuations and pressures in core sovereign bond markets are keeping financial stability risks elevated amid heightened economic uncertainty. These vulnerabilities could be amplified by the growth of nonbank financial institutions—through their growing importance as market makers, liquidity providers and intermediaries in private credit, real estate, and crypto markets. As we detail in our new Global Financial Stability Report, stress testing shows that...

Read more